在这项工作中，我们研究了非盲目图像解卷积的问题，并提出了一种新的经常性网络架构，其导致高图像质量的竞争性恢复结果。通过现有大规模线性求解器的计算效率和稳健性的推动，我们设法将该问题的解决方案表达为一系列自适应非负数最小二乘问题的解决方案。这引发了我们提出的复发性最小二乘因解网络（RLSDN）架构，其包括在其输入和输出之间施加线性约束的隐式层。通过设计，我们的网络管理以同时服务两个重要的目的。首先，它隐含地模拟了可以充分表征这组自然图像的有效图像，而第二种是它恢复相应的最大后验（MAP）估计。近期最先进的方法的公开数据集的实验表明，我们提出的RLSDN方法可以实现所有测试方案的灰度和彩色图像的最佳报告性能。此外，我们介绍了一种新颖的培训策略，可以通过任何网络架构采用，这些架构涉及线性系统作为其管道的一部分的解决方案。我们的策略完全消除了线性求解器所需迭代的需要，因此，它在训练期间显着降低了内存占用。因此，这使得能够培训更深的网络架构，这可以进一步提高重建结果。

我们开发了一个探索漏洞利用马尔可夫链Monte Carlo算法（$ \ OperatorName {ex ^ 2mcmc} $），它结合了多个全局提议和本地移动。所提出的方法是巨大的平行化和极其计算的高效。我们证明$ \ operatorname {ex ^ 2mcmc} $下的$ v $ v $ -unique几何ergodicity在现实条件下，并计算混合速率的显式界限，显示多个全局移动带来的改进。我们展示$ \ operatorname {ex ^ 2mcmc} $允许通过提出依赖全局移动的新方法进行微调剥削（本地移动）和探索（全球移动）。最后，我们开发了一个自适应方案，$ \ OperatorName {Flex ^ 2mcmc} $，它学习使用归一化流的全局动作的分布。我们说明了许多经典采样基准测试的$ \ OperatorName {ex ^ 2mccmc} $及其自适应版本的效率。我们还表明，这些算法提高了对基于能量的模型的抽样GAN的质量。

Heuristic search algorithms, e.g. A*, are the commonly used tools for pathfinding on grids, i.e. graphs of regular structure that are widely employed to represent environments in robotics, video games etc. Instance-independent heuristics for grid graphs, e.g. Manhattan distance, do not take the obstacles into account and, thus, the search led by such heuristics performs poorly in the obstacle-rich environments. To this end, we suggest learning the instance-dependent heuristic proxies that are supposed to notably increase the efficiency of the search. The first heuristic proxy we suggest to learn is the correction factor, i.e. the ratio between the instance independent cost-to-go estimate and the perfect one (computed offline at the training phase). Unlike learning the absolute values of the cost-to-go heuristic function, which was known before, when learning the correction factor the knowledge of the instance-independent heuristic is utilized. The second heuristic proxy is the path probability, which indicates how likely the grid cell is lying on the shortest path. This heuristic can be utilized in the Focal Search framework as the secondary heuristic, allowing us to preserve the guarantees on the bounded sub-optimality of the solution. We learn both suggested heuristics in a supervised fashion with the state-of-the-art neural networks containing attention blocks (transformers). We conduct a thorough empirical evaluation on a comprehensive dataset of planning tasks, showing that the suggested techniques i) reduce the computational effort of the A* up to a factor of $4$x while producing the solutions, which costs exceed the costs of the optimal solutions by less than $0.3$% on average; ii) outperform the competitors, which include the conventional techniques from the heuristic search, i.e. weighted A*, as well as the state-of-the-art learnable planners.

Estimation algorithms, such as the sliding window filter, produce an estimate and uncertainty of desired states. This task becomes challenging when the problem involves unobservable states. In these situations, it is critical for the algorithm to ``know what it doesn't know'', meaning that it must maintain the unobservable states as unobservable during algorithm deployment. This letter presents general requirements for maintaining consistency in sliding window filters involving unobservable states. The value of these requirements when designing a navigation solution is experimentally shown within the context of visual-inertial SLAM making use of IMU preintegration.

We apply topological data analysis (TDA) to speech classification problems and to the introspection of a pretrained speech model, HuBERT. To this end, we introduce a number of topological and algebraic features derived from Transformer attention maps and embeddings. We show that a simple linear classifier built on top of such features outperforms a fine-tuned classification head. In particular, we achieve an improvement of about $9\%$ accuracy and $5\%$ ERR on four common datasets; on CREMA-D, the proposed feature set reaches a new state of the art performance with accuracy $80.155$. We also show that topological features are able to reveal functional roles of speech Transformer heads; e.g., we find the heads capable to distinguish between pairs of sample sources (natural/synthetic) or voices without any downstream fine-tuning. Our results demonstrate that TDA is a promising new approach for speech analysis, especially for tasks that require structural prediction.

我们考虑在以$ s $状态的地平线$ h $和$ a $ ACTIVE的偶发性，有限的，依赖于阶段的马尔可夫决策过程的环境中进行强化学习。代理商的性能是在与环境互动以$ t $插件互动后的遗憾来衡量的。我们提出了一种乐观的后验抽样算法（OPSRL），这是一种简单的后验抽样变体，仅需要许多后样品对数，$ h $，$ s $，$ a $和$ t $ a $ h $ s $ s $ a $ a $和$ t $一对。对于OPSRL，我们保证最多可容纳订单的高概率遗憾，$ \ wideTilde {\ mathcal {o}}}（\ sqrt {h^3sat}）$忽略$ \ text {poly} \ log（hsat）$项。新型的新型技术成分是线性形式的新型抗浓缩不等式，可能具有独立感兴趣。具体而言，我们将Alfers and Dinges [1984]的Beta分布的基于正常近似的下限扩展到Dirichlet分布。我们的界限匹配订单$ \ omega（\ sqrt {h^3sat}）$的下限，从而回答了Agrawal和Jia [2017b]在情节环境中提出的空旷问题。

自动临床标题生成问题被称为建议模型，将额叶X射线扫描与放射学记录中的结构化患者信息结合在一起。我们将两种语言模型结合在一起，即表演 - 泰尔和GPT-3，以生成全面和描述性的放射学记录。这些模型的建议组合产生了文本摘要，其中包含有关发现的病理，其位置以及将每个病理定位在原始X射线扫描中的每个病理的2D热图。提出的模型在两个医学数据集（Open-I，Mimic-CXR和通用MS-Coco）上进行了测试。用自然语言评估指标测量的结果证明了它们对胸部X射线图像字幕的有效适用性。

协作过滤算法的优点是不需要敏感的用户或项目信息来提供建议。但是，他们仍然遭受与公平相关的问题的困扰，例如受欢迎程度偏见。在这项工作中，我们认为，当未向研究人员提供其他用户或项目信息时，受欢迎程度偏差通常会导致其他偏见。我们在书籍中使用书籍评分的常用数据集中的建议案例中检查了我们的假设。我们使用公开可用的外部资源将其丰富了作者信息。我们发现流行的书籍主要是由美国公民在数据集中撰写的，并且与用户的配置文件相比，流行的协作过滤算法往往会过分推荐这些书籍。我们得出的结论是，学者社区应进一步研究受欢迎程度偏见的社会含义。

文本编辑模型最近已成为单语文本生成任务（例如语法误差校正，简化和样式传输）的SEQ2SEQ模型的突出替代方法。这些任务具有共同的特征 - 它们在源文本和目标文本之间表现出大量的文本重叠。文本编辑模型利用了此观察结果，并通过预测应用于源序列的编辑操作来学会生成输出。相比之下，Seq2Seq模型从头开始生成逐字输出，从而使它们在推理时间缓慢。文本编辑模型比SEQ2SEQ模型提供了多个好处，包括更快的推理速度，更高的样本效率以及对输出的更好的控制和解释性。本教程提供了有关文本编辑模型和当前最新方法的全面概述，并分析了他们的利弊。我们讨论了与生产化有关的挑战，以及如何使用这些模型来减轻幻觉和偏见，这两者都在文本生成领域遇到了紧迫的挑战。

Transfer learning increasingly becomes an important tool in handling data scarcity often encountered in machine learning. In the application of high-throughput thickness as a downstream process of the high-throughput optimization of optoelectronic thin films with autonomous workflows, data scarcity occurs especially for new materials. To achieve high-throughput thickness characterization, we propose a machine learning model called thicknessML that predicts thickness from UV-Vis spectrophotometry input and an overarching transfer learning workflow. We demonstrate the transfer learning workflow from generic source domain of generic band-gapped materials to specific target domain of perovskite materials, where the target domain data only come from limited number (18) of refractive indices from literature. The target domain can be easily extended to other material classes with a few literature data. Defining thickness prediction accuracy to be within-10% deviation, thicknessML achieves 92.2% (with a deviation of 3.6%) accuracy with transfer learning compared to 81.8% (with a deviation of 3.6%) 11.7% without (lower mean and larger standard deviation). Experimental validation on six deposited perovskite films also corroborates the efficacy of the proposed workflow by yielding a 10.5% mean absolute percentage error (MAPE).